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<h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Stith Thompson</span></h1>
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<div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content mw-content-ltr" lang="fr" dir="ltr"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="fr" dir="ltr"><div class="infobox_v3 infobox infobox--frwiki noarchive large"><div class="entete defaut" style="background-color:#EEEEFF;color:#000000"><div>Stith Thompson</div></div><table><caption style="color:#000000;text-align:center;background-color:#EEEEFF">Biographie</caption><tbody><tr class=""><th scope="row">Naissance</th><td class=""><div>
<span class="wd_p569"><time class="nowrap date-lien" datetime="1885-03-07" data-sort-value="1885-03-07"><a href="7_mars" title="7 mars">7</a> <a href="Mars_1885" title="Mars 1885">mars</a> <a href="1885" title="1885">1885</a></time></span><br><span class="wd_p19"><a href="Bloomfield_(Kentucky)" title="Bloomfield (Kentucky)">Bloomfield</a></span></div></td></tr><tr class=""><th scope="row">Décès</th><td class=""><div>
<span class="wd_p570"><time class="nowrap date-lien" datetime="1976-01-10" data-sort-value="1976-01-10"><a href="10_janvier" title="10 janvier">10</a> <a href="Janvier_1976" title="Janvier 1976">janvier</a> <a href="1976" title="1976">1976</a></time></span> (à 90 ans)<br><span class="wd_p20"><a href="Columbus_(Indiana)" title="Columbus (Indiana)">Columbus</a></span></div></td></tr><tr class=""><th scope="row">Nationalité</th><td class=""><div>
<span class="wd_p27"><a href="%C3%89tats-Unis" title="États-Unis">américaine</a></span></div></td></tr><tr class=""><th scope="row">Formation</th><td class=""><div>
<span class="wd_p69"><a href="Universit%C3%A9_Harvard" title="Université Harvard">Université Harvard</a><br><a href="Universit%C3%A9_de_Californie_%C3%A0_Berkeley" title="Université de Californie à Berkeley">Université de Californie à Berkeley</a></span></div></td></tr><tr class=""><th scope="row">Activités</th><td class=""><div>
<span class="wd_p106"><a href="Anthropologie" title="Anthropologie">Anthropologue</a>, <a href="%C3%89crivain" title="Écrivain">écrivain</a></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table><table><caption style="color:#000000;text-align:center;background-color:#EEEEFF">Autres informations</caption><tbody><tr class=""><th scope="row">A travaillé pour</th><td class=""><div>
<span class="wd_p108"><a href="Universit%C3%A9_du_Texas_%C3%A0_Austin" title="Université du Texas à Austin">Université du Texas à Austin</a></span></div></td></tr><tr class=""><th scope="row">Distinction</th><td class=""><div>
<span class="wd_p166"><a href="Bourse_Guggenheim" title="Bourse Guggenheim">Bourse Guggenheim</a></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>
<p><b>Stith Thompson</b> (né le <time class="nowrap bday" datetime="1885-03-07" data-sort-value="1885-03-07">7 mars 1885</time> à <a href="Bloomfield_(Kentucky)" title="Bloomfield (Kentucky)">Bloomfield</a>, dans le <a href="Kentucky" title="Kentucky">Kentucky</a>, mort le <time class="nowrap dday" datetime="1976-01-10" data-sort-value="1976-01-10">10 janvier 1976</time><sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> dans l'<a href="Indiana" title="Indiana">Indiana</a>) est un folkloriste américain. Associé au folkloriste finlandais <a href="Antti_Aarne" title="Antti Aarne">Antti Aarne</a>, il est l'un des deux auteurs de la classification internationale des contes, dite <a href="Classification_Aarne-Thompson" class="mw-redirect" title="Classification Aarne-Thompson">classification Aarne-Thompson</a>. Il est également célèbre pour la publication en six volumes du <i><span class="lang-en" lang="en">Motif-index of folk-literature: a classification of narrative elements in folktales, ballads, myths, fables, mediaeval romances, exempla, fabliaux, jest-books, and local legends</span></i>.
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<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Biographie">Biographie</h2></div>
<p>Stith Thompson est né le <time class="nowrap" datetime="1885-03-07" data-sort-value="1885-03-07">7 mars 1885</time> à Bloomfield (Kentucky), fils de John Warden Thompson et d'Eliza McCluskey<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>.
Ses études débutent d'abord à l'<a href="Universit%C3%A9_Butler" title="Université Butler">université Butler</a> d'Indianapolis, puis à l'<a href="Universit%C3%A9_du_Wisconsin" title="Université du Wisconsin">université du Wisconsin</a>, à Madison. Il apprend le français et l'allemand et enseigne pendant deux ans dans un collège de Springfield, Kentucky. Son diplôme de <i><a href="Baccalaur%C3%A9at_universitaire_%C3%A8s_lettres" class="mw-redirect" title="Baccalauréat universitaire ès lettres">Bachelor of Arts</a></i> en 1909 porte sur <i>Le Retour du pays des morts dans les contes et ballades populaires</i> (<i><span class="lang-en" lang="en">The Return from the Dead in Popular Tales and Ballads</span></i>), sous la direction d'Arthur Beatty qui, le premier, l'encourage à entreprendre des recherches folkloriques<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>.
</p><p>À partir de cette époque, l'intérêt de Stith Thompson pour le folklore se développe. Il prend à nouveau un poste d'enseignant dans un collège de Portland, Oregon et apprend seul le norvégien, le néerlandais, le suédois, le danois et le russe. Lors d'un séjour d'été dans un camp de bûcherons, il entend raconter par ses compagnons le cycle du géant légendaire <a href="Paul_Bunyan" title="Paul Bunyan">Paul Bunyan</a>. Une bourse de l'<a href="Universit%C3%A9_de_Californie" title="Université de Californie">université de Californie</a> lui permet de mener d'autres travaux et il soutient en 1912 sa thèse de <i><a href="Ma%C3%AEtrise_universitaire_%C3%A8s_lettres" class="mw-redirect" title="Maîtrise universitaire ès lettres">Master of Arts</a></i> sur <i>L'Idée de l'âme dans les contes et ballades populaires teutoniques</i> (<i><span class="lang-en" lang="en">The Idea of the Soul in Teutonic Popular Tales and Popular Ballads</span></i><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>.
</p>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Œuvres"><span id=".C5.92uvres"></span>Œuvres</h2></div>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Éditions_en_anglais"><span id=".C3.89ditions_en_anglais"></span>Éditions en anglais</h3></div>
<ul><li><span class="lang-en" lang="en"><i>The Return from the Dead in Popular Tales and Ballads</i>. Dissertation : B.A. : University of Wisconsin</span>, 1909.</li>
<li><span class="lang-en" lang="en"><i>The Idea of the Soul in Teutonic Popular Tales and Popular Ballads</i>. Thesis : M.A. : University of California</span>, 1912.</li>
<li><span class="lang-en" lang="en"><i>European Borrowings and Parallels in North American Indian Tales</i>. Dissertation : Ph. D. : Harvard University</span>, 1914.</li>
<li><span class="lang-en" lang="en"><i>European Tales among the North American Indians : a study in the migration of folk-tales</i>. Colorado Springs, Co, Colorado College</span>, 1919.</li>
<li><span class="lang-en" lang="en"><i>The Indian legend of Hiawatha</i>. The Modern Language Association of America</span>, 1922.</li>
<li><span class="lang-en" lang="en"><i>The Types of the folk-tale, a classification and bibliography. Antti Aarne's</i></span> <span class="lang-de" lang="de"><i>Verzeichnis der Märchentypen</i></span>, <span class="lang-en" lang="en">translated and enlarged by Stith Thompson</span>. Greifswald, 1927. [puis] Helsinki, <span class="lang-la" lang="la">Academia scientiarum fennica</span>, 1928. "Academia scientiarum fennica". Folklore Fellows Communications, <abbr class="abbr" title="numéro">n<sup>o</sup></abbr> 74
<ul><li><span class="lang-en" lang="en"><abbr class="abbr" title="Second" lang="en">2nd</abbr> revision</span>. Helsinki, <span class="lang-fi" lang="fi">Suomalainen tiedeakatemia</span>, 1961. <span class="lang-en" lang="en">Folklore fellows communications</span>, <abbr class="abbr" title="numéro">n<sup>o</sup></abbr> 184</li>
<li><a href="Hans-J%C3%B6rg_Uther" title="Hans-Jörg Uther">Hans-Jörg Uther</a>, <i><span class="lang-en" lang="en">The types of international folktales : a classification and bibliography, based on the system of Antti Aarne and Stith Thompson</span></i>, Helsinki, <span class="lang-fi" lang="fi">Suomalainen Tiedeakatemia</span>, <span class="lang-la" lang="la">Academia Scientiarum Fennica</span>, 2004. <span class="lang-en" lang="en">Folklore fellows communications</span>, <abbr class="abbr" title="numéro">n<sup>o</sup></abbr> 284-286</li></ul></li>
<li><span class="lang-en" lang="en"><i>Tales of the North American Indians</i>, selected and annotated by Stith Thompson. Cambridge (Mass.), Harvard University press</span>, 1929.</li>
<li><span class="lang-en" lang="en"><i>Motif-index of folk-literature, a classification of narrative elements in folk-tales, ballads, myths, fables, mediaeval romances, exempla, fabliaux, jest-books and local legends</i></span>. Helsinki, <span class="lang-la" lang="la">Academia scientiarum fennica</span>, 1932-1936. 6 volumes. <span class="lang-en" lang="en">Folklore Fellows Communications</span>, <abbr class="abbr" title="numéro">n<sup>o</sup></abbr> 106-109, 116-117
<ul><li><span class="lang-en" lang="en">Revised and enlarged edition. Bloomington ; London, Indiana university press</span>, 1955-58. 6 volumes</li>
<li>Motifs <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="https://archive.org/stream/Thompson2016MotifIndex/Thompson_2016_Motif-Index#page/n0/mode/2up">[4]</a></li>
<li>vol. 1: A-C (1955) : Mythological Motifs, Animal Motifs, Motifs of Tabu <a class="external autonumber" href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Motif-Index_of_Folk-Literature/Volume_1">[5]</a></li>
<li>vol. 2: D-E (1956) : Magic, The Dead</li>
<li>vol. 3: F-H (1956) : Marvels, Ogres, Tests</li>
<li>vol. 4: J-K (1957) : The Wise and the Foolish, Deceptions</li>
<li>vol. 5: L-Z (1957) : Reversals of Fortune, Ordaining the Future, Chance and Fate, Society, Rewards and Punishments, Captives and Fugitives, Unnatural Cruelty, Sex, The Nature of Life, Religion, Traits of Character, Humour, Miscellaneous Groups of Motifs</li>
<li>vol. 6: Index (1958)</li></ul></li>
<li><span class="lang-en" lang="en"><i>Folklore and literature</i></span>. [Menasha, Wis.], 1940.</li>
<li><span class="lang-en" lang="en"><i>Our heritage of world literature</i>, by Stith Thompson and John Gassner. New York, Dryden Press</span>, [1942].</li>
<li><span class="lang-en" lang="en"><i>The Folktale</i>. New York, Dryden Press</span>, 1946 ; University of California Press, 1977 <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a href="International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <span class="nowrap">0-520-03359-0</span>)</small></li>
<li><span class="lang-en" lang="en"><i>Four Symposia on folklore, held at the Midcentury international folklore conference, Indiana University, July 21 - August 4, 1950</i>. Edited by Stith Thompson. Bloomington, Indiana University press, 1953. Indiana University publications, Folklore series</span>, <abbr class="abbr" title="numéro">n<sup>o</sup></abbr> 8</li>
<li><span class="lang-en" lang="en"><i>Narrative motif-analysis as a folklore method</i></span>. Helsinki, <span class="lang-la" lang="la">Academia scientiarum fennica</span>, 1955. <span class="lang-en" lang="en">Folklore Fellows Communications</span>, <abbr class="abbr" title="numéro">n<sup>o</sup></abbr> 161</li>
<li><span class="lang-en" lang="en"><i>Folklorist's Progress</i></span>. [Bloomington (Indiana)], 1956.</li>
<li><span class="lang-en" lang="en"><i>The Oral tales of India</i>, by Stith Thompson and Jonas Balys. Bloomington, Indiana University Press, 1958. Indiana University publications, Folklore series</span>, <abbr class="abbr" title="numéro">n<sup>o</sup></abbr> 10</li>
<li><span class="lang-en" lang="en"><i>Types of Indic oral tales, India, Pakistan and Ceylon</i>, by Stith Thompson and Warren E. Roberts.</span> Helsinki, <span class="lang-fi" lang="fi">Suomalainen Tiedeakatemia</span>, 1960. <span class="lang-en" lang="en">Folklore Fellows Communications</span>, <abbr class="abbr" title="numéro">n<sup>o</sup></abbr> 180</li>
<li><span class="lang-en" lang="en"><i>Second wind : a sequel after ten years to Folklorist's progress</i>. Bloomington</span>, 1966.</li>
<li><span class="lang-en" lang="en"><i>One hundred favourite folktales</i>. Bloomington, Indiana University Press</span>, 1968.</li></ul>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Traductions_françaises"><span id="Traductions_fran.C3.A7aises"></span>Traductions françaises</h3></div>
<ul><li><i>Contes des Indiens d'Amérique du Nord</i>, [collectés par] Stith Thompson ; une anthologie traduite par Bertrand Fillaudeau ; illustrée de dessins originaux de Ianna Andréadis. Paris, José Corti, 2012. Collection Merveilleux, <abbr class="abbr" title="numéro">n<sup>o</sup></abbr> 47 <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="https://jose-corti.fr/titres/contes-ides-indiens.html">[6]</a></li></ul>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Annexes">Annexes</h2></div>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Bibliographie">Bibliographie</h3></div>
<ul><li>Richard M. Dorson, « Stith Thompson (1885–1976) », <i><span class="lang-en" lang="en">Journal of American Folklore</span></i>, vol. 90, <abbr class="abbr" title="numéro">n<sup>o</sup></abbr> 355 (<span class="lang-en" lang="en">January-March 1977), American Folklore Society</span>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/539017">JSTOR</a></li>
<li>Peggy Martin, <span class="lang-en" lang="en"><i>Stith Thompson: His Life and His Role in Folklore Scholarship, with a Bibliography</i>, Bloomington, Department of Folklore and Ethnomusicology, Indiana University</span>, s.d. [ca 1976-1979] (<span class="lang-en" lang="en">Folklore Publications Groups Folklore Monographs Series</span>, <abbr class="abbr" title="numéro">n<sup>o</sup></abbr> 2 <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="https://scholarworks.iu.edu/dspace/bitstream/handle/2022/2686/FF+Mono+2.pdf?sequence=1">[7]</a></li>
<li>Eldon S. Branda, « Thompson, Stith », <span class="lang-en" lang="en"><i>Handbook of Texas Online</i>, Texas State Historical Association</span>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.tshaonline.org/handbook/online/articles/fth26">www.tshaonline.org</a></li></ul>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Liens_externes">Liens externes</h3></div>
<ul><li><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : anglais">(en)</abbr> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://folkmasa.org/motiv/motif.htm">Index des motifs de Stith Thompson</a>, interrogeable en ligne (Center of Folktales and Folklore)</li></ul>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Notes_et_références"><span id="Notes_et_r.C3.A9f.C3.A9rences"></span>Notes et références</h3></div>
<ul><li><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : anglais">(en)</abbr>/<abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : espagnol">(es)</abbr> Cet article est partiellement ou en totalité issu des articles intitulés en anglais <span class="">« <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stith_Thompson?oldid=662514670">Stith Thompson</a> » <small>(<a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stith_Thompson?action=history">voir la liste des auteurs</a>)</small></span> et en espagnol <span class="">« <a class="external text" href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stith_Thompson?oldid=75976689">Stith Thompson</a> » <small>(<a class="external text" href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stith_Thompson?action=history">voir la liste des auteurs</a>)</small></span>.</li></ul>
<div class="references-small decimal" style=""><div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references">
<li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text">Les informations sur le jour de sa mort sont contradictoires : 10 ou 13 janvier 1976, selon les sources. La notice d'autorité de la Bibliothèque du Congrès (Washington) ne se prononce pas. <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="http://lccn.loc.gov/n80079656">[1]</a>. C'est la date du 10 janvier qui est indiquée dans l'étude de Peggy Martin, <i><span class="lang-en" lang="en">Stith Thompson: His Life and His Role in Folklore Schlolarship</span></i>, Bloomington, Indiana, Folklore Publications Group, Indiana University, [ca 1976-1979], <abbr class="abbr" title="page">p.</abbr> 17 <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="https://scholarworks.iu.edu/dspace/handle/2022/2686">[2]</a> ; elle est confirmée par l'article nécrologique du <i>New York Times</i>, daté du 12 janvier 1976 : « <span class="lang-en" lang="en">Dr. Stith Thompson, a past president of the American Folklore Society who retired in 1955 as Distinguished Service Professor of Folklore at Indiana University, died Saturday in Columbus, Ind. He was 90 years.</span> » <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="https://query.nytimes.com/gst/abstract.html?res=9407E2DF1F30E03ABC4A52DFB766838D669EDE">[3]</a>. Il est possible que la confusion avec la date du 13 janvier soit due au fait qu'il s'agit là vraisemblablement de celle de son service funèbre. Cette date du 13 janvier a par erreur été retenue dans plusieurs articles d'hommage, publiés ultérieurement, et a été répétée ensuite.</span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text">Dans son ascendance, on note des ancêtres d'origine écossaise-irlandaise, galloise, française, anglaise, néerlandaise et allemande. Adolescent, il s'intéresse à l'histoire de sa famille et poursuivra des recherches généalogiques tout au long de sa vie. Peggy Martin, <abbr class="abbr" title="page">p.</abbr> 3.</span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-3">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text">Peggy Martin, <abbr class="abbr" title="page">p.</abbr> 4</span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-4">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text">Peggy Martin, <abbr class="abbr" title="page">p.</abbr> 5</span>
</li>
</ol></div>
</div>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Liens_externes_2">Liens externes</h3></div>
<ul><li><div class="liste-horizontale"><span class="wd_identifiers"><a href="Autorit%C3%A9_(sciences_de_l'information)" title="Autorité (sciences de l'information)">Notices d'autorité</a></span> : <ul><li><span class="nowrap uid noarchive"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://viaf.org/viaf/19753345">VIAF</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap uid noarchive"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://isni.org/isni/0000000121231092">ISNI</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap uid noarchive"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb123519926">BnF</a></span> (<span class="nowrap uid noarchive"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb123519926">données</a></span>)</li> <li><span class="nowrap uid noarchive"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.idref.fr/032502265">IdRef</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap uid noarchive"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.loc.gov/authorities/n80079656">LCCN</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap uid noarchive"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://d-nb.info/gnd/117366838">GND</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap uid noarchive"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://opac.sbn.it/nome/MILV068031">Italie</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap uid noarchive"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.ndl.go.jp/auth/ndlna/00458678">Japon</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap uid noarchive"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ci.nii.ac.jp/author/DA01937379?l=en">CiNii</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap uid noarchive"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://datos.bne.es/resource/XX985544">Espagne</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap uid noarchive"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://opac.kbr.be/LIBRARY/doc/AUTHORITY/14247877">Belgique</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap uid noarchive"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.bibliotheken.nl/id/thes/p071567852">Pays-Bas</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap uid noarchive"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dbn.bn.org.pl/descriptor-details/9810680373405606">Pologne</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap uid noarchive"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nli.org.il/en/authorities/987007601308205171">Israël</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap uid noarchive"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://nukat.edu.pl/aut/n%20%2098085198">NUKAT</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap uid noarchive"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://cantic.bnc.cat/registre/981058513078306706">Catalogne</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap uid noarchive"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://libris.kb.se/auth/368987">Suède</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap uid noarchive"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://opac.vatlib.it/auth/detail/495_142764">Vatican</a></span></li> </ul></div></li>
<li><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : anglais">(en)</abbr> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://folkmasa.org/motiv/motif.htm">Index des motifs de Stith Thompson</a>, interrogeable en ligne (Center of Folktales and Folklore)</li>
<li><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : anglais">(en)</abbr> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://hdl.handle.net/2027/inu.30000121018497">Motif-Index of Early Irish Literature</a>, par <a href="Tom_Peete_Cross" title="Tom Peete Cross">Tom Peete Cross</a> (basé sur l'Index des motifs de Stith Thompson)</li></ul>
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<li><a href="Classification_Aarne-Thompson" class="mw-redirect" title="Classification Aarne-Thompson">Classification Aarne-Thompson</a></li></ul>
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